Protecting and improving community health, where the focus is on a sector of the community rather than the individual. The activity is usually initiated by the health service provider, not individuals. The object is to prevent illness or intervene to minimise illness

EXAMPLES: Restoring contaminated sites, providing immunisation programmes, running screening programmes, controlling pests and diseases that are hazardous to humans, managing substances and new organisms that are hazardous to humans, invoking emergency powers under the Health Act, immunising, reducing smoking, collecting rubbish