Schools Online Thesaurus (ScOT)
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Language
Scope note
Use for resources about human communication.
Historical note
5.0 - BT Communication (Sociology) removed, BT Humanities removed - Language is a new top term; 6.4 - Scope note added.
Alternative terms
UF
↸
Communication (Language)
UF
↸
Humanities (Language)
UF
↸
Interpersonal communication
UF
↸
Language and communication
UF
↸
Language arts
UF
↸
Language awareness
UF
↸
Linguistics
UF
↸
Metalinguistics
UF
↸
Verbal communication
More specific terms
NT1
↓
Constructed languages
►
▼
NT2
↓
Esperanto
NT1
↓
Language conventions
►
▼
NT2
↓
Capitalisation
NT2
↓
Grammar
►
▼
NT3
↓
Idioms
►
▼
NT4
↓
Cliches
NT4
↓
Collocations
NT4
↓
Proverbs
NT3
↓
Metalanguage
NT3
↓
Morphemes
►
▼
NT4
↓
Abbreviations
►
NT4
↓
Affixes
►
NT4
↓
Clitics
NT4
↓
Derivation (Grammar)
NT4
↓
Grammatical markers
NT4
↓
Grammatical mood
►
NT4
↓
Inflection (Grammar)
►
NT4
↓
Word stems
NT3
↓
Paragraphs
►
▼
NT4
↓
Topic sentences
NT3
↓
Phrases (Grammar)
NT3
↓
Sentences (Grammar)
►
▼
NT4
↓
Clauses
►
NT4
↓
Compound sentences
NT4
↓
Coordination (Grammar)
NT4
↓
Ellipsis (Sentences)
NT4
↓
Exclamations
NT4
↓
Grammatical modifiers
NT4
↓
Negation
NT4
↓
Parallelism (Grammar)
NT4
↓
Possession (Grammar)
NT4
↓
Predicates
NT4
↓
Questions (Sentences)
►
NT4
↓
Statements
NT4
↓
Subordination (Grammar)
NT4
↓
Text connectives
NT3
↓
Words
►
▼
NT4
↓
Adjectives
►
NT4
↓
Adverbs
NT4
↓
Grammatical particles
►
NT4
↓
Nouns
►
NT4
↓
Prepositions
NT4
↓
Pronouns
►
NT4
↓
Verbs
►
NT2
↓
Language evolution
NT2
↓
Language usage
►
▼
NT3
↓
Archaisms
NT2
↓
Punctuation
►
▼
NT3
↓
Apostrophes (Punctuation)
NT3
↓
Colons
NT3
↓
Commas
►
▼
NT4
↓
Enumeration commas
NT3
↓
Dashes
NT3
↓
Dot points
NT3
↓
Ellipses (Punctuation)
NT3
↓
Exclamation marks
NT3
↓
Full stops
NT3
↓
Hyphens
NT3
↓
Middle dots
NT3
↓
Proper noun marks
NT3
↓
Question marks
NT3
↓
Quotation marks
NT3
↓
Round brackets (Punctuation)
NT3
↓
Semicolons
NT3
↓
Tildes
NT3
↓
Title marks
NT2
↓
Register (Language)
►
▼
NT3
↓
Honorifics
NT2
↓
Spelling
►
▼
NT3
↓
Irregular plurals
NT3
↓
Irregular verbs
NT3
↓
Misspellings
NT3
↓
Spelling variations
NT2
↓
Word meanings
►
▼
NT3
↓
Antonyms
NT3
↓
Connotations
NT3
↓
Homonyms
NT3
↓
Homophones
NT3
↓
Semantic change
NT3
↓
Synonyms
NT3
↓
Transformational grammar
NT3
↓
Translation (Language)
►
▼
NT4
↓
Free translation
NT4
↓
Imitative translation
NT3
↓
Word formation
►
▼
NT4
↓
Back-formations
NT4
↓
Calques
NT4
↓
Compound words
NT4
↓
Loanwords
NT4
↓
Nonce words
NT4
↓
Nonsense words
NT4
↓
Portmanteaus
NT1
↓
Language modes
►
▼
NT2
↓
Creating texts
►
▼
NT3
↓
Adaptations (Writing)
NT3
↓
Authenticity (Texts)
NT3
↓
Drafting
►
▼
NT4
↓
Manuscript format
NT3
↓
Editing
►
▼
NT4
↓
Copyediting
NT4
↓
Peer review
NT4
↓
Proofreading
NT4
↓
Restatement
►
NT3
↓
Handwriting
►
▼
NT4
↓
Block letters
NT4
↓
Calligraphy
NT4
↓
Cursive
NT4
↓
Foundation Style
NT4
↓
Writing materials
►
NT3
↓
Illustration
NT3
↓
Intertextuality
NT3
↓
Journalism
►
▼
NT4
↓
Broadcast journalism
►
NT4
↓
Photojournalism
NT4
↓
Presenting
NT4
↓
Print journalism
NT3
↓
Literary devices
►
▼
NT4
↓
Alienation effect
NT4
↓
Allegories
►
NT4
↓
Alliterations
►
NT4
↓
Ambiguity
►
NT4
↓
Analogy
►
NT4
↓
Apostrophes (Literary devices)
NT4
↓
Appropriation (Literary devices)
NT4
↓
Denotations
NT4
↓
Dialogue
►
NT4
↓
Diction
NT4
↓
Dissonances
NT4
↓
Dramatic action
NT4
↓
Emotive language
NT4
↓
Figures of speech
►
NT4
↓
Flash forwards
NT4
↓
Flashbacks
NT4
↓
Humour
►
NT4
↓
Imagery (Rhetorical device)
►
NT4
↓
Innuendo
NT4
↓
Juxtaposition
►
NT4
↓
Malapropisms
NT4
↓
Mimesis
NT4
↓
Monologues
NT4
↓
Motifs (Literature)
NT4
↓
Narration
NT4
↓
Paradoxes
NT4
↓
Parodies
NT4
↓
Perspective (Literary devices)
NT4
↓
Persuasive techniques
NT4
↓
Plots (Stories)
►
NT4
↓
Referential language
NT4
↓
Repetition (Literary devices)
►
NT4
↓
Satire
►
NT4
↓
Soliloquies
NT4
↓
Spoonerisms
NT4
↓
Suspense
►
NT4
↓
Wordplay
NT3
↓
Literary styles
►
▼
NT4
↓
Literary voice
►
NT4
↓
Mood (Literary style)
NT4
↓
Tone (Literary style)
NT3
↓
Referencing
►
▼
NT4
↓
Footnotes
NT4
↓
Plagiarism
NT3
↓
Report writing
NT3
↓
Scriptwriting
►
▼
NT4
↓
Drama scripts
►
NT4
↓
Film scripts
►
NT4
↓
Television scripts
►
NT3
↓
Text purpose
NT3
↓
Text structure
►
▼
NT4
↓
Acts
►
NT4
↓
Chapters
NT4
↓
Cohesion (Language)
NT4
↓
Headings
►
NT4
↓
Interludes (Drama)
NT4
↓
Salutations
NT4
↓
Tables of contents
NT4
↓
Themes (Texts)
NT2
↓
Listening
►
▼
NT3
↓
Listening comprehension
NT2
↓
Multimodal texts
►
▼
NT3
↓
Film scripts
►
▼
NT4
↓
Shooting scripts
NT3
↓
Interactive texts
NT2
↓
Reading
►
▼
NT3
↓
Oral reading
►
▼
NT4
↓
Play reading
NT3
↓
Reading comprehension
►
▼
NT4
↓
Alternative readings
NT4
↓
Dominant readings
NT4
↓
Drama semiotics
NT4
↓
Predictions (Stories)
NT4
↓
Queer theory
NT4
↓
Resistant readings
NT4
↓
Theatre semiotics
NT3
↓
Scanning
NT3
↓
Skimming
NT3
↓
Speed reading
NT3
↓
Text navigation
NT3
↓
Word attack
NT2
↓
Speaking
►
▼
NT3
↓
Accents (Speech)
NT3
↓
Intonation
NT3
↓
Pitch (Sound)
NT3
↓
Pronunciation
NT3
↓
Speech sounds
►
▼
NT4
↓
Consonants
NT4
↓
Ingressive speech
NT4
↓
Nasalisation
NT4
↓
Phonation
NT4
↓
Phonemes
►
NT4
↓
Stricture
►
NT4
↓
Vowels
►
NT3
↓
Spoken texts
►
▼
NT4
↓
Conferencing
NT4
↓
Conversations
NT4
↓
Oral presentations
►
NT3
↓
Stress (Speech)
NT3
↓
Syllables
►
▼
NT4
↓
Rhyming
NT2
↓
Viewing
►
▼
NT3
↓
Visual texts
NT1
↓
Language proficiency
►
▼
NT2
↓
Functional literacy
NT2
↓
Multilingualism
►
▼
NT3
↓
First language
NT3
↓
Second languages
►
▼
NT4
↓
English (Second language)
NT2
↓
Vocabularies
NT1
↓
Literature
►
▼
NT2
↓
Drama (Literature)
►
▼
NT3
↓
Comedies
►
▼
NT4
↓
Black comedy
NT4
↓
Comedy of errors
NT4
↓
Comedy of humours
NT4
↓
Comedy of manners
NT4
↓
Commedia dell'arte
NT4
↓
Farces
►
NT4
↓
High comedy
►
NT4
↓
Low comedy
NT4
↓
Pantomime
NT4
↓
Skits
NT4
↓
Tragicomedies
NT3
↓
Didactic drama
NT3
↓
English drama
NT3
↓
Epic drama
NT3
↓
Historical drama
NT3
↓
Medieval drama
NT3
↓
Melodrama
NT3
↓
Soap operas
NT3
↓
Tragedy
►
▼
NT4
↓
Revenge tragedies
NT3
↓
Verse drama
NT2
↓
Literary genres
►
▼
NT3
↓
Adventure stories
►
▼
NT4
↓
Picaresque literature
NT3
↓
Animal stories
NT3
↓
Biographical fiction
NT3
↓
Children's literature
NT3
↓
Choose your own stories
NT3
↓
Crime stories
NT3
↓
Documentaries
►
▼
NT4
↓
Animal films
NT3
↓
Documentary drama
►
▼
NT4
↓
Living newspaper drama
NT3
↓
Family sagas
NT3
↓
Fantasy
NT3
↓
Feminist literature
NT3
↓
Historical fiction
NT3
↓
Horror stories
NT3
↓
Humorous stories
NT3
↓
Love stories
NT3
↓
Mystery and suspense stories
NT3
↓
New Zealand stories
NT3
↓
School stories
NT3
↓
Science fiction
►
▼
NT4
↓
Dystopian fiction
NT3
↓
Supernatural stories
NT3
↓
Verse stories
NT3
↓
War stories
NT3
↓
Westerns
NT3
↓
Wordless stories
NT2
↓
Poetry
►
▼
NT3
↓
Acrostics
NT3
↓
Enjambments
NT3
↓
Free verse
NT3
↓
Limericks
NT3
↓
Lyric poetry
►
▼
NT4
↓
Elegies
NT4
↓
Haiku
NT4
↓
Odes
NT4
↓
Sonnets
NT3
↓
Metaphysical poetry
NT3
↓
Narrative poetry
►
▼
NT4
↓
Ballads
►
NT4
↓
Epic poetry
NT3
↓
Nonsense poetry
NT3
↓
Nursery rhymes
NT3
↓
Performance poetry
NT3
↓
Romantic poetry
NT3
↓
Shape poetry
NT3
↓
Versification
►
▼
NT4
↓
Blank verse
NT4
↓
Cinquains
NT4
↓
Couplets
NT4
↓
Metre (Poetry)
►
NT4
↓
Quatrains
NT4
↓
Rhymes
►
NT4
↓
Rhythm (Poetry)
NT4
↓
Sense forms
NT4
↓
Stanzas
NT2
↓
Prose
►
▼
NT3
↓
Biographies
►
▼
NT4
↓
Autobiographies
NT3
↓
Diaries
►
▼
NT4
↓
Blogs
NT3
↓
Essays
NT3
↓
Fiction
NT3
↓
Letters (Correspondence)
►
▼
NT4
↓
Business letters
NT4
↓
Letters of complaint
NT4
↓
Letters to the editor
NT4
↓
Personal letters
NT2
↓
Regional literature
►
▼
NT3
↓
Aboriginal literature
►
▼
NT4
↓
Aboriginal English literature
NT3
↓
African literature
►
▼
NT4
↓
Angolan literature
NT4
↓
Kenyan literature
NT4
↓
Nigerian literature
NT4
↓
South African literature
NT4
↓
Zambian literature
NT3
↓
Albanian literature
NT3
↓
American literature
NT3
↓
Arabic literature
NT3
↓
Armenian literature
NT3
↓
Australian literature
NT3
↓
Bengali literature
NT3
↓
Canadian literature
NT3
↓
Chinese literature
NT3
↓
Classical Greek literature
►
▼
NT4
↓
Classical Greek drama
►
NT3
↓
Croatian literature
NT3
↓
Czech literature
NT3
↓
Dutch literature
NT3
↓
Egyptian literature
NT3
↓
English literature
►
▼
NT4
↓
English drama
NT3
↓
Estonian literature
NT3
↓
Filipino literature
NT3
↓
French literature
NT3
↓
German literature
NT3
↓
Greek literature
►
▼
NT4
↓
Greek drama
►
NT3
↓
Hebrew literature
NT3
↓
Hindi literature
NT3
↓
Hungarian literature
NT3
↓
Indian literature
NT3
↓
Indonesian literature
NT3
↓
Irish literature
NT3
↓
Italian literature
NT3
↓
Japanese literature
NT3
↓
Khmer literature
NT3
↓
Korean literature
NT3
↓
Latin literature
NT3
↓
Latvian literature
NT3
↓
Lithuanian literature
NT3
↓
Macedonian literature
NT3
↓
Malaysian literature
NT3
↓
Maltese literature
NT3
↓
Māori literature
NT3
↓
Modern Greek literature
NT3
↓
New Zealand literature
NT3
↓
Pacific Island literature
NT3
↓
Persian literature
NT3
↓
Polish literature
NT3
↓
Portuguese literature
NT3
↓
Romanian literature
NT3
↓
Russian literature
NT3
↓
Samoan literature
NT3
↓
Serbian literature
NT3
↓
Slovenian literature
NT3
↓
South American literature
NT3
↓
Spanish literature
NT3
↓
Swedish literature
NT3
↓
Tamil literature
NT3
↓
Tokelauan literature
NT3
↓
Tongan literature
NT3
↓
Torres Strait Islander literature
NT3
↓
Turkish literature
NT3
↓
Ukrainian literature
NT3
↓
Vietnamese literature
NT2
↓
Sacred literature
NT1
↓
Natural languages
►
▼
NT2
↓
Albanian language
NT2
↓
Arabic language
NT2
↓
Armenian language
NT2
↓
Australian Kriol language
NT2
↓
Australian languages
►
▼
NT3
↓
Aboriginal languages
NT3
↓
Torres Strait Islander languages
►
▼
NT4
↓
Kala Lagaw Ya
►
NT4
↓
Meriam Mir
NT2
↓
Bengali language
NT2
↓
Chinese languages
►
▼
NT3
↓
Cantonese dialects
NT3
↓
Gan dialects
NT3
↓
Hakka dialects
NT3
↓
Hokkien dialects
NT3
↓
Hui dialects
NT3
↓
Jin dialects
NT3
↓
Mandarin dialects
NT3
↓
Min dialects
NT3
↓
Wu dialects
NT3
↓
Xian dialects
NT2
↓
Classical Greek language
NT2
↓
Colloquial language
►
▼
NT3
↓
Slang
NT2
↓
Creoles
►
▼
NT3
↓
Torres Strait Creole
NT2
↓
Croatian language
NT2
↓
Czech language
NT2
↓
Dialects
NT2
↓
Dutch language
NT2
↓
English language
►
▼
NT3
↓
Aboriginal English
NT3
↓
American English
NT3
↓
Australian English
►
▼
NT4
↓
Standard Australian English
NT3
↓
British English
NT3
↓
New Zealand English
NT2
↓
Estonian language
NT2
↓
Filipino language
NT2
↓
French language
NT2
↓
German language
NT2
↓
Greek language
NT2
↓
Hebrew language
NT2
↓
Hindi language
NT2
↓
Hungarian language
NT2
↓
Indonesian language
NT2
↓
Italian language
NT2
↓
Japanese language
NT2
↓
Khmer language
NT2
↓
Korean language
NT2
↓
Latin language
NT2
↓
Latvian language
NT2
↓
Lithuanian language
NT2
↓
Macedonian language
NT2
↓
Malaysian language
NT2
↓
Maltese language
NT2
↓
Māori language
►
▼
NT3
↓
Cook Islands Māori
NT2
↓
Pacific Island languages
NT2
↓
Persian language
NT2
↓
Pidgins
NT2
↓
Polish language
NT2
↓
Portuguese language
NT2
↓
Romanian language
NT2
↓
Russian language
NT2
↓
Samoan language
NT2
↓
Serbian language
NT2
↓
Slovenian language
NT2
↓
Spanish language
NT2
↓
Swedish language
NT2
↓
Tamil language
NT2
↓
Thai language
NT2
↓
Tibetan language
NT2
↓
Tokelauan language
NT2
↓
Tongan language
NT2
↓
Turkish language
NT2
↓
Ukrainian language
NT2
↓
Urdu
NT2
↓
Vietnamese language
NT1
↓
Nonverbal communication
►
▼
NT2
↓
Eye contact
NT2
↓
Facial expressions
NT2
↓
Gestures
NT2
↓
Sign language
►
▼
NT3
↓
Auslan
NT2
↓
Signals
NT1
↓
Text types
►
▼
NT2
↓
Imaginative texts
►
▼
NT3
↓
Literary descriptions
NT3
↓
Literary recounts
NT3
↓
Narratives
►
▼
NT4
↓
Characters (Narratives)
►
NT4
↓
Narrative forms
►
NT4
↓
Personal narratives
NT4
↓
Settings (Narratives)
►
NT3
↓
Observations (Texts)
NT3
↓
Reviews (Literary texts)
►
▼
NT4
↓
Book reviews
NT4
↓
CD-ROM reviews
NT4
↓
Film reviews
NT4
↓
Game reviews
NT4
↓
Theatre reviews
NT2
↓
Informative texts
►
▼
NT3
↓
Annual reports
NT3
↓
Articles of association
NT3
↓
Bibliographies
NT3
↓
Calendars
►
▼
NT4
↓
365 day calendar
NT4
↓
Gregorian calendar
►
NT4
↓
Lunisolar calendars
►
NT3
↓
Certificates
NT3
↓
Diagrams
►
▼
NT4
↓
Arrow diagrams
NT4
↓
Block diagrams
NT4
↓
Concept maps
NT4
↓
Flow charts
NT4
↓
Karnaugh maps
NT4
↓
Mind maps
NT4
↓
Network diagrams
NT4
↓
Tree diagrams
NT3
↓
Dictionaries
►
▼
NT4
↓
Gazetteers
NT4
↓
Glossaries
NT3
↓
Directories
NT3
↓
Explanations (Factual texts)
NT3
↓
Expositions (Factual texts)
NT3
↓
Factual descriptions
►
▼
NT4
↓
Car manuals
NT4
↓
Encyclopedias
NT4
↓
Financial reports
►
NT4
↓
Prospectuses
NT3
↓
Factual recounts
►
▼
NT4
↓
Anecdotes
NT4
↓
Quotations
NT3
↓
Financial records
►
▼
NT4
↓
Asset registers
NT4
↓
Invoices
NT4
↓
Petty cash records
NT4
↓
Receipts
NT4
↓
Share certificates
NT3
↓
Information reports
NT3
↓
Lists
►
▼
NT4
↓
Catalogues
NT4
↓
Menus
NT3
↓
Procedural recounts
NT3
↓
Procedures
►
▼
NT4
↓
Instructions
►
NT4
↓
Recipes
NT4
↓
Style guides
NT3
↓
Study guides
NT3
↓
Subject indexes
NT3
↓
Thesauruses
NT3
↓
Travel guides
NT3
↓
Yearbooks
NT2
↓
Persuasive texts
►
▼
NT3
↓
Advertisements
►
▼
NT4
↓
Job advertisements
NT4
↓
Trailers (Advertisements)
NT3
↓
Controversy
NT3
↓
Discussions (Texts)
NT3
↓
Editorials
NT3
↓
Literary criticism
►
▼
NT4
↓
Feminist criticism
NT4
↓
Marxist criticism
NT4
↓
Psychoanalytic criticism
NT4
↓
Reviewing (Texts)
NT3
↓
Personal responses
NT1
↓
Writing systems
►
▼
NT2
↓
Alphabets (Writing systems)
►
▼
NT3
↓
Alphabetical order
NT3
↓
Armenian alphabet
NT3
↓
Cyrillic alphabet
NT3
↓
Featural alphabets
►
▼
NT4
↓
Korean alphabet
NT3
↓
Greek alphabet
NT3
↓
Hungarian runes
NT3
↓
Māori alphabet
NT3
↓
Modern Latin alphabet
►
▼
NT4
↓
English alphabet
NT4
↓
Vietnamese alphabet
NT2
↓
Braille
NT2
↓
Characters (Writing systems)
►
▼
NT3
↓
Character strokes
►
▼
NT4
↓
Dot strokes
NT4
↓
Horizontal strokes
NT4
↓
Left falling strokes
NT4
↓
Right falling strokes
NT4
↓
Rising strokes
NT4
↓
Turning strokes
NT4
↓
Vertical strokes
NT3
↓
Character structures
NT3
↓
Compound characters
NT2
↓
Consonant alphabets
►
▼
NT3
↓
Arabic script
NT3
↓
Hebrew script
NT2
↓
Diacritics
►
▼
NT3
↓
Accents (Diacritics)
NT3
↓
Tone marks
NT2
↓
Directionality (Writing systems)
NT2
↓
Logographic writing systems
►
▼
NT3
↓
Chinese scripts
►
▼
NT4
↓
Chinese characters
►
NT4
↓
Simplified Chinese
NT3
↓
Hieroglyphics
NT3
↓
Japanese script
►
▼
NT4
↓
Ateji
NT4
↓
Kana
►
NT4
↓
Kanji
►
NT4
↓
Katakana
►
NT3
↓
Vietnamese script
NT2
↓
Syllabaries
►
▼
NT3
↓
Kana
►
▼
NT4
↓
Hiragana
►
NT4
↓
Katakana
►
NT2
↓
Syllabic alphabets
►
▼
NT3
↓
Khmer alphabet
NT3
↓
Thai alphabet
NT3
↓
Tibetan alphabet
NT2
↓
Symbols
►
▼
NT3
↓
Ideograms
►
▼
NT4
↓
Pictograms
NT3
↓
Logograms
NT3
↓
Mathematical notation
►
▼
NT4
↓
Minus sign
NT4
↓
Percent sign
NT4
↓
Plus sign
NT4
↓
Plus-minus sign
NT4
↓
Round brackets (Mathematical notation)
NT2
↓
Transliteration
►
▼
NT3
↓
Ateji
NT3
↓
Romanisation systems
►
▼
NT4
↓
Bopomofo
NT4
↓
McCune-Reischauer
NT4
↓
Pinyin
NT4
↓
Revised Romanisation of Korean
NT4
↓
Romaji
NT4
↓
Wade Giles
NT4
↓
Yale romanization system
NT2
↓
Typography
►
▼
NT3
↓
Fonts
►
▼
NT4
↓
Bold text
NT4
↓
Italics
NT4
↓
Underlining
NT3
↓
Indentation
NT3
↓
Ligatures
NT3
↓
Pagination
NT3
↓
Text alignment
NT3
↓
Word spacing
Related terms
RT
⇆
Language teachers
ExactMatch:
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Language
Date of creation
20-Oct-2012
Accepted term
20-Oct-2012
Descendant terms
783
ARK
ark:/99152/t35mqjov6x7z0w
More specific terms
9
Alternative terms
9
Related terms
1
Notes
2
Metadata
BS8723-5
DC
MADS
SKOS-Core
VDEX
XTM
Zthes
JSON
JSON-LD
Search
Central terms
Literary devices
Sentences (Grammar)
Comedies
Narratives
Speech sounds
Reviews (Literary texts)
Versification
Word formation
Text structure
Words